Intermediate 1B | english4p.com

Photo 1: Big Ben, London.

INTERMEDIATE 1B

Revision: 500+ questions to answer and topics to discuss.

Present Perfect & Past Tense questions.

Which is correct?

a: Have you been to Bahia?

b: Have you been to Bahia last year?

a: Have you been to the book exposition last week?

b: Have you been to the book exposition?

a: Have you ever eaten fish and chips?

b: Have you eaten fish and chips this week?

c: Have you eaten fish and chips yesterday?

a: Have you spoken to your brother-in-law last week?

b: Have you spoken to your brother-in-law this week?

a: Have you been to Montreal?

b: Did you go to Montreal?

a: Have you been to the New York outlet?

b: Did you go to the New York outlet?

a: Did you go to the world cup?

b: Did you go to the world cup in 2018?

c: Have you ever been to the world cup?

a: Did you go to the Olympics in Tokyo?

b: Have you been to the Olympics in Tokyo this year?

a: Have you drunk Irish coffee yesterday?

b: Did you drink Irish coffee yesterday?

c: Have you drunk Irish coffee today?

a: Have you finished your homework?

b: Have you finished your homework last week?

a: Did you finish the project last week?

b: Have you finished the project last week?

a: Did you call the client today?

b: Have you called the client today?

a: Have you designed the project?

b: Did you design the project?

a: Did you send an email to the client today?

b: Have you sent an email to the client today?

c: Have you sent an email to the client yesterday?

Grammar. Simple Past.

Interview with Brian Forbes.

Q: Where and when was your first job and how old were you?

Brian: "My first job was at Cornhill Insurance Company in Guildford, England in 1977. I was 16 years of age. I was responsible for processing information on a small computer."

Q: How did you get the job?

Brian: "There were only women working in the department and the manager said that they needed to employ boys, too."

Q: Were you the only boy working in the department?

Brian: "No, I worked with Ross, Chris, and Frank. They were good friends as well as colleagues."

Q: Did you socialize after work?

Brian: "Yes, every night we went to pubs to drink beer, and on Wednesday nights we went to football games at Aldershot F.C, the local team, or we went to London to watch Arsenal or Chelsea."

Q: Did you earn a good salary?

Brian: "No. we were only 16 years old and the salary was the minimum possible. But the work was interesting and the time passed very quickly."

Q: How long did you stay at Cornhill Insurance Company?

Brian: "I stayed for one year and Chris stayed for 2 years I think. Frank moved to a new company after 6 months; he was very intelligent and very good at his job. He liked to drink a lot of beer, too. I remember that. Ross worked at the company for two years, but I lost contact with him."

Q: Was it a good experience in general?

Brian: "Yes, definitely. We learned a lot. I learned to use a computer and I learned how to write business letters to clients. It was a very important first job."

Conversation:

1: Where was Brian's first job?

2: Where was your first job?

3: How many boys worked in the department?

4: How many boys worked in your department?

5: Did the boys socialize after work?

6: Did the boys go to football games?

7: Did you socialize after work in your first job?

8: Was Brian's salary very good?

9: Was your salary very good?

10: Was your first job very important to you?

Vaccinations and afterwards:

100: Have you had your first vaccination for Covid-19?

a: when?

b: where?

c: did you wait a long time in the queue?

d: did you have any reaction?

101: Will you take the second and third doses of the vaccination?

102: Do you believe that your city will come back to life after all the vaccinations have been done?

103: Will all offices, shops and restaurants reopen?

104: Are you going to change jobs, look for a new position etc?

105: Does your company intend to keep the same office space?

106: Are you going to continue to work from home, in the company, or hybrid?

107: Are you worried about crowded places and elevators? Or are you more worried about public transport?

GRAMMAR.

If I had a million euros..... = Se eu tivesse um milhão de euros.......

Translate and complete:

701: Se eu tivesse 5,000,000 de euros, eu ................... If I ................................

702: Se eu morasse e trabalhasse na Irlanda, eu ....................

703: Se eu fosse o presidente do Brasil, eu ....................

704: Se eu fosse o presidente da empresa onde eu trabalho, eu ....................

705: Se eu comesse mais frutas e legumes, eu ....................

706: Se eu bebesse 5 caipirinhas, eu ....................

707: Se eu tivesse tempo, eu ....................

708: Se eu escolhesse um curso para estudar, eu ....................

709: Se eu falasse inglês fluentemente, eu ....................

710: Se eu tivesse 100,000,000 de euros, eu não ....................

Revision of past tense.

1,012: What did you do last Friday?

1,013: What did you do last Saturday?

1,014: When was the last time you took a holiday? Where did you go?

1,015: Why did you leave your last job?

1,016: What was the last expensive item you bought?

1,017: What did you do to celebrate your birthday last time?

1,018: When was the last time you drank wine? Where were you?

Grammar.

don't / doesn't

a: Ivone don't / doesn't like lazy colleagues.

b: Lidia don't / doesn't have a Toyota.

c: William and Harry don't / doesn't live at Buckingham Palace.

d: I doesn't / don't drink beer.

e: Sayuri and Carlos doesn't / don't live in Cambridge.

f: Marcos and Aline don't / doesn't live in Oxford.

g: Marcio and Eduardo don't / doesn't enjoy the weekend doing nothing.

h: Mirella and Luana doesn't / don't like chocolate.

i: Daniel and Luana doesn't / don't study in Vancouver yet.

j: Catherine doesn't / don't like working out at the gym during the pandemic.

GRAMMAR.

Simple Past Tense.

Choose the correct grammar.

a: I go / went to the factory yesterday.

b: She ate / eat rice, potatoes and beef yesterday.

c: She was recommended / recommend by her former boss.

d: He robbed / rob the lady as she walk / walked home last night.

e: I look / looked for a new job last week.

f: She saw / see lots of elephants on the safari last year.

g: He stay / stayed at the company until his boss left.

h: She took / take more than 300 photos of the zebras.

i: I am / was tired yesterday.

j: We were / was in the human resources department all day yesterday.

k: The nurse take care / took care of the patient yesterday morning.

l: I publish / published my thesis 5 years ago.

m: I reported / report the results to the board of directors yesterday.

n: She travel / travelled to London last year.

o: I wrote / write to the client yesterday.

p: I input / input all the information last weekend.

q: She program / programmed the system before she go / went home last night.

r: I took / take care of all the problems here last month.

s: I copy / copied everything that you request / requested.

t: She turned off / turn off the TV before she go / went to bed last night.

u: She is / was furious with her husband last night.

v: He was / is very efficient in his last job.

w: They are / were / was very busy at work yesterday.

x: They needed / need to go to the Notary (Cartório) to get their documents stamped.

y: She ask /asked for the documents yesterday.

z: They evaluate / evaluated the risks before they started / start.

About yourself.

1,019: What time do you usually get up?

1,020: Do you usually have lunch at home or at work, or a delivery?

1,021: What do you do?

1,022: What time do you usually start work?

1,023: Do you have any meetings during the week?

1,024: Which is your bank, or do you have two bank accounts?

1,025: Is it efficient?

1,026: Is it near your house, or do you use internet banking or an app?

1,027: Do you have a current account or a savings account?

1,028: Who is your account manager?

1,029: Do you have life assurance with your bank?

1,030: How long have you had an account at the bank?

1,031: Who opened the account? You, your employer or a relative?

1,032: Which company do you work for?

1,033: How many people do you work with, directly and indirectly?

1,034: What are your responsibilities?

1,035: What time do you start and finish work at the company or working remotely?

1,036: Do you normally go to meetings, and are the meeting always in Portuguese or sometimes in English?

1,037: Are the meetings productive?

I would like = eu gostaria

1,038: What would you like to eat tonight?

1,039: What would you like to drink with your meal?

1,040: What would you like to do in life?

1,041: What would you like to be?

1,042: Where would you like to live if you could?

1,043: Where would you like to go on holiday if there wasn't a pandemic?

1,044: Would you like to travel the world?

1,045: Would you like to live in the northeast of Brazil? Why or why not?

1,046: Would you like to live in Portugal? Why or why not?

1,047: Would you like to live in the U.S.A? Why or why not?

1,048: Would you like to study something new?

1,049: Would you like to change careers?

1,050: What would you like to do if you changed your career?

1,051: What would you like to do on Saturday?

1,052: What would you like to do on Sunday?

1,053: What would you like to do after the lesson?

1,054: Would you prefer a coffee or tea right now?

1,055: Would you prefer a pizza or a hotdog after the lesson?

1,056: Would you prefer a beer or a fizzy drink after the lesson?

I will .......

1,057: What will you do tonight?

1,058: What are you going to do tomorrow?

1,059: What will you do on Saturday?

1,060: What are you going to do on Sunday morning?

1,061: What will you do next Monday morning?

1,062: What are you going to do on Sunday afternoon?

1,063: What will you do next Friday night?

1,064: What are you going to buy this year?

1,065: What will you probably eat for lunch tomorrow?

1,066: Where will you go after the lesson?

1,067: Where will you go tomorrow?

1,068: Where are you going to go on Saturday?

Photo 3: Richmond, Southwest London.

Grammar. Simple past.

“My best holiday & my worst holiday.”

Interview with Brian Burn. (British actor)

"Where was your best holiday, and why?"

"I think the best holiday I ever had was in Kenya, Africa.

We flew out (pegamos avião) to Kenya on British Airways. The flight (voo) was very comfortable and we arrived in very good weather.

From the airport, we took a taxi to our hotel. It was a beautiful, luxurious hotel with 2 large swimming pools and an excellent restaurant.

On the second day in Nairobi, the capital of Kenya, we took a safari trip (viagem) to see the lions, elephants, and zebras. It was so beautiful. There were animals everywhere.

The lions were dangerous, and so we stayed in the jeep to take photos. The elephants were magnificent. They were graceful and spent (gastaram) all their time eating! But the most beautiful were the zebras. With their black and white stripes (listras), they stood out (se destacaram) from the green grass (grama) and the green trees (arvores).

I took many photos of all the animals that we saw, but the best photos I have are of the zebras. 200 photos!"

Conversation.

1,069: Have you been to Kenya?

1,070: Would you like to go on a safari?

1,071: Do you like animals?

1,072: What's your favourite animal?

2nd Text Interpretation.

"Where was your worst holiday, and why?"

That would be (seria) when I went with my girlfriend to Paraguay.

The flight we took was terrible. The food was dreadful (péssimo) and the service was dreadful, too.

We landed (pousamos) in Asuncion almost 3 hours late (atrasado) because of problems in São Paulo and Rio de Janeiro. Then, we took a taxi to our hotel.

The hotel was dirty (sujo) and the service was awful, (terríble) too. The people who worked in the hotel were not happy to see us. They didn’t want to work.

Well, anyway, the breakfast was adequate, but the lunch and dinner were awful.

We went to the centre of Asuncion, and it really is quite (bastante) pretty.

We did some shopping (fizemos compras) and everything was going well (indo bem). Suddenly (de repente), a motorbike passed us and the rider (motoqueiro) snatched (arrancou) my girlfriend's handbag. It was very frightening (assustador) and we will never go back there again.

The city of Asuncion is very pretty, but the country of Paraguay is very poor, and the services are inadequate and often rude.

Questions.

1,073: Was Brian's worst holiday in Kenya?

1,074: Where was Brian's worst holiday?

1,075: Did Brian go on safari alone?

1,076: Did Brian go to Paraguay with his wife?

1,077: Has Brian been to Argentina?

1,078: Did Brian go to the beach in Kenya?

1,079: Which hotel was the best, the one in Kenya, or the one in Paraguay?

1,080: Was Brian's girlfriend robbed in Paraguay?

1,081: What did the motorbike rider do in Asuncion?

1,082: Would Brian recommend Paraguay for a holiday?

Translate the following:

The best

The worst

Interview

Girlfriend

Flight

Weather

To land

Inadequate

Often

Poor

Pretty

Country

Arrived

Luxurious

Stripes

Everywhere

Trip

Dreadful

Awful

Snatched

Handbag

Rider

Stood out

Spent

Would be

Service

Late

Conversation.

1,083: Where was your best holiday?

1,084: Why?

1,085: Where was your worst holiday?

1,086: Why?

1,087: What's the best hotel you've ever been to? Why?

1,088: What's the worst hotel you've ever been to? Why?

Photo 4: London

Conversation.

1,089: What were you doing at 5 o’clock yesterday morning?

1,090: What were you doing at 7 o’clock yesterday morning?

1,091: What were you doing at 10 o’clock yesterday morning?

1,092: At 12 o’clock midday?

1,093: At 4 o’clock in the afternoon?

1,094: What were you doing at 8 p.m. yesterday?

1,095: At midnight?

1,096: Where were you working in April 2015?

1,097: Where were you living in June 2010?

1,098: Where were you living 20 years ago?

1,099: Where were you studying 20 years ago?

Professionally speaking......

1,100: What do you do?

1,101: Tell me about yourself.

1,102: What are your responsibilities?

1,103: What is your greatest challenge at work?

1,104: How is your relationship with your boss?

1,105: How is your relationship with your team?

1,106: Do you find it difficult to say "no" to new challenges and commitments?

1,107: Are you a very self-motivated person?

Complete the sentences below.

1,108: Yesterday at 6 in the evening, I was ..........TV.

1,109: Last year, I was .......... in Rio.

1,110: At 10 yesterday morning, I .......... at my desk.

1,111: At 9 am yesterday, she ......... on the phone.

1,112: At 8 last Saturday evening, Paulo .......... to the radio.

1,113: I ......... a copy when the machine broke down. (quebrou)

1,114: He .......... the book when his friend called.

1,115: Last year, Gary and Tony ....... beer when their wives arrived.

Conversation.

1,116: Do you mind doing housework?

1,117: Do you mind cooking, or do you prefer delivery?

1,118: Do you mind helping friends?

1,119: Do you mind working on Saturdays?

1,120: Do you mind reading work-related e-mails at night?

1,121: Do you mind looking after children?

1,122: Do you mind getting up very early?

1,123: Do you mind working late at night?

1,124: Do you mind going to the supermarket?

1,125: Do you mind staying at home on a Saturday night?

1,126: Do you mind being on your own?

1,127: Do you mind working on your own?

Photo 5: Pub on the River Wey, in the historical city of Guildford, 30 minutes from London.

Discussion.

Which do you prefer?

1,128: To go out in a big group or a small group?

1,129: Cooking or washing the dishes?

1,130: Listening to Spotify or going to a concert?

1,131: Going to the cinema or watching Netflix?

1,132: Going to the beach or a bar?

1,133: Swimming in a pool or in the sea?

1,134: Going out on a Saturday night or watching a film with your family?

1,135: Romantic films or comedies?

1,136: Reading magazines or self-help books?

1,137: Driving during the day or at night?

1,138: Cooking for yourself or for others?

1,139: Talking in English or reading in English?

1,140: Rock music or samba?

1,141: Chinese food or Italian food?

1,142: Restaurants or pubs?

1,143: Beer or lager?

1,144: Empanadas or a chicken pie?

1,145: A quiet beach or a busy beach with lots of people?

1,146: Basketball or football?

1,147: The World Cup or the Olympic Games?

1,148: International football or club football?

1,149: The beach or the countryside?

1,150: The winter or the summer?

1,151: Brazil or the U.S.A?

1,152: A modern pub or an old pub?

1,153: Modern furniture or antique furniture?

1,154: Take a two-week break from technology or take a two-week break from work?

1,155: Travelling for a month, or a weekend break?

1,156: A 2-bedroomed house or a 3-bedroomed apartment?

True or False?

1,157: Most people prefer watching soap operas to football.

1,158: Girls like playing football more than playing volleyball.

1,159: Girls prefer to go shopping than go to the beach.

1,160: Men prefer to watch TV than clean the house.

1,161: Women prefer fruit to ice cream.

1,162: Most adults get up late on Sundays.

1,163: Paulistas love working.

1,164: The U.S.A has more coronavirus cases than Brazil does.

1,165: Brazilians like football more than Europeans do.

1,166: Botafogo is a team from Rio Grande do Sul.

1,167: Ronaldinho Gaucho is a footballer and successful businessman.

1,168: Parana is Brazil's largest state.

1,169: Minas Gerais is famous for its mines.

1,170: The crime rate in São Paulo is lower than in Rio de Janeiro.

1,171: Brazil has more obesity than the USA.

1,172: The traffic in my city is only heavy in the morning.

Photo 6: Oxford University.

Grammar.

Present Perfect Continuous.

I have been = an action or situation from the past until the present, with no interruptions.

1,173: I have ............ hard this month. (work)

1,174: I have ............ a lot recently. (study)

1,175: I have ......................... in …….......... for ....... years. (live)

1,176: I’ve ............ too much lately. (eat)

1,177: And I’ve ............ too much beer as well. (drink)

Grammar.

Language.

When While After Before During Until

1,179: I had a coffee ............ the party.

1,180: Worse luck, she arrived ........... the party had finished.

1,181: She met her boyfriend ............ she was working in Rio.

1,182: My parents got married ........... the world cup.

1,183: She’ll be too busy to leave ........... the party ends.

1,184: I was very unhappy .......... lunch.

1,185: I lived in São Paulo ............ I studied at U.S.P

1,186: .......... you get there, call me.

1,187: ........... is your birthday?

1,188: Could you be quiet ............ I’m studying, please?

1,189: ............ turning on the computer, check the electricity.

1,190: I’ll meet you ............ my meeting with the directors.

Prepositions.

In or on? (forms of transportation)

You use ‘in’ when you need to lower your head to get in / embark.

You use ‘on’ when you don’t need to lower your head to get on / embark.

In the car.

In the taxi.

On the bus.

On the train.

On the bike.

Test.

1,191: He was sitting...........the bus.

1,192: She was getting..........the plane.

1,193: Please, sit............the taxi.

1,194: He got............the motorbike and went home.

1,195: She is...........the train.

1,196: I was reading my book............the car and I started feeling sick.

1,197: He is............the bike.

1,198: She left her bag............the aeroplane.

1,199: He left his passport............the ship.

1,200: The tourists are............the yacht. (yot)

1,201: There are many people...........the ferry today.

Prepositions.

1,202: I need......go now.

1,203: I have......go now.

1,204: I have decided......study at UFPB.

1,205: He is......the car.

1,206: She would like......dance tonight.

1,207: She would like......go shopping on Saturday.

1,208: He is......the ferryboat.

1,209: I was......the train when I met Angela.

1,210: I went......the cinema last night.

1,211: I am going......the bank now.

1,212: Please, buy me a magazine......read.

1,213: I spoke......my sister yesterday.

1,214: Let’s go.....the cinema?

1,215: Have you been......Manchester?

1,216: Have you eaten......this restaurant?

1,217: What time do you normally go.......work?

1,218: He has worked......the school for 5 years.

1,219: She has lived ...... London for 2 years.

1,220: The metro line is connected ..... the bus lines.

Discussion.

1,221: Did you change (or will you change...?) the way you bring up (criar) your children compared to the way your mother and father did?

1,222: Would you like to start therapy sessions for stress or anxiety?

1,223: Do you prioritize your mental health or your job?

1,224: Why did you leave your last job?

1,225: What was the last expensive item you bought?

1,226: What did you do to celebrate your birthday last time?

1,227: When was the last time you took a holiday?

Discussion.

1,228: What do you think is the current rate of unemployment in your country?

1,229: Which is better, 'Bolsa Escolar' or 'Bolsa Família'? Why?

1,230: What is the 'fundo de garantia'?

1,231: What can be done to create jobs? More tourism? More restaurants? More public sector jobs?

1,232: Do you think that the number of crimes will continue to grow or decrease in the next ten years? Why?

1,233: Do you know anybody who has been the victim of a mugging? What happened?

1,234: Do you think that unemployment leads to loneliness and depression? Why or why not?

1,235: Is corruption lessening (reducing) in your country?

1,236: Do you use public or private hospitals? Why?

1,237: Should primary or secondary education be the priority in public schools?

Conversation.

1,238: Do you like discussing politics or is it boring for you?

1,239: Do you like discussing economics or is it boring for you?

1,240: What do you like to discuss when you are with friends?

1,241: What don’t you like to discuss when you are with friends?

1,242: Do you believe the newspapers?

1,243: Do you believe the news on Facebook?

1,244: What do you prefer to watch on TV?

1,245: What social media do you prefer to use? Why?

Conversation.

1,246: Does your city need more hospitals?

1,247: How is the internet service in your area? Are there parks or squares with free internet?

1,248: Are the roads good in your area?

1,249: Should tourism or the public sector be a priority in the north and northeast of Brazil? Why?

1,250: Should public universities receive more help from the government?

1,251: Is the vaccination process for covid-19, flu, yellow fever, and measles working well in your city?

1,252: Do you know relatives or friends who have had covid-19? What happened?

1,253: If you were unemployed, would you move city to find a job?

1,254: What should the minimum salary be?

1,255: Does 'Bolsa Família' motivate people to work or not? Why?

1,256: Is it better to work 8 hours a day for a company or run your own business?

1,257: Would you like to open your own business? If so, what?

1,258: Do you prefer to buy food, electronics, books, etc., in shops or via the internet?

1,259: Do you think the future of shopping is on the internet? Why or why not?

1,260: Do you prefer to use a laptop or a smartphone for English lessons? Why?

Photo 7: Guildford, 30 minutes from London.

Grammar.

Past Tense.

“Things were different back then.”

Interview with Winnie Pendergrass.

"Things were different when I was young. In those days it was a different world. I lived in a small coal-mining village in West Yorkshire in the north of England. My grandfather worked in the coal mine, my father worked in the coal mine and my older brother, too."

1,261: What does your father do? And your brother?

1,262: Where does your family come from?

1,263: Which state in Brazil is famous for its mines?

"I started school when I was 5. Every kid in the village was in my class. Some children were 5, some 6 and some 8, etc. It had to be like that, because there was only one teacher in the village, and she taught maths, English, geography, history, etc."

1,264: When you were 7 years old, how was your school compared to Winnie’s?

1,265: How old were you when you started school?

1,266: Did you study English at school?

1,267: Did you like history, geography, maths etc.?

"The next teacher, when I was 10 years old, was very strict with us. If we didn’t pay attention, he would throw something at us or hit us with his ruler. But we learned to be disciplined!"

1,268: Were your teachers strict at primary school?

1,269: What about when you were a teenager?

"After school, when I was 10 years old, I remember that I used to go home and sit by the fire and do my homework or read. I remember that it was always cold in Yorkshire. We didn’t have a telly or a radio, so we used to pass the time playing the piano and singing or reading and talking."

1,270: How was your life different when you were younger?

"When I was twelve, I had to get a bus to the next town where I went to secondary school. The journey was long and cold, and I thought that that town was the biggest in the world because, compared to my village, it really was!"

1,271: Do you remember your secondary school?

1,272: Can you describe it?

1,273: Did it have many classrooms?

1,274: Were there many teachers?

1,275: Were there any strange teachers?

1,276: Was it far from your home?

"After secondary school, I went to university. My mother and father supported me. I was the first girl from my village to go to university, but my father’s friends from the coal mine said that it was a waste of time, because a girl needed to get married and have babies, not study. In those days few girls went to university in England.

My brothers and my father were very understanding but my grandfather kept asking me when I was going to get married and have children!"

Winnie Pendergrass.

1,277: Did girls go to university in your country 75 years ago?

1,278: Nowadays, are there more girls than boys at university?

1,279: Did fathers have the same chauvinistic attitude as Winnie’s grandfather in your country?

1,280: What do men think about girls going to university nowadays? Are they for or against the idea in general?

True or false?

1,281: Winnie was five years old when she started school.

1,282: She went to secondary school when she was ten.

1,283: Her grandfather supported her university education but her father didn’t.

1,284: It was always cold in Yorkshire.

1,285: Winnie thought that the coal-mining village was the world’s biggest city.

1,286: She had no TV.

1,287: She used to study after school.

1,288: She had no brothers.

1,289: She went to university by car.

1,290: Her teacher was very strict.

1,291: Her teacher used to hit her.

1,292: She went to a huge school.

1,293: There were a lot of job options in Winnie’s village.

1,294: Her father was a policeman.

True or false about your life at school?

1,295: I started school when I was 6.

1,296: My teachers were very strict.

1,297: My teachers used to hit me.

1,298: My father didn’t want me to go to university.

1,299: There were children of different ages in my class.

1,300: My school was huge with hundreds of pupils.

1,301: I used to go to school by bus.

1,302: I used to do my homework as soon as I got home.

1,303: My family used to play the piano and sing at night.

Grammar.

I used to.

We use ‘I used to’ when we are talking about something that we did all the time but that we don’t do anymore.

e.g.

I used to live in England.

I used to play football.

I used to go swimming every Saturday.

I used to watch children’s programs on TV.

1,304: Give 5 examples of things that you used to do.

Conversation.

1,305: How long have you lived in ………………..?

1,306: How long have you studied English?

1,307: How long have you worked ……………..?

1,308: Are you married?

1,309: How long have you been married?

1,310: What do you think of English grammar?

1,311: What do you think of the weather in your city?

1,312: Do you speak English quite well, well, or very well?

1,313: Which cities have you been to in Europe or the U.S.A?

1,314: Which ones did you like?

1,315: Why?

1,316: Which cities would you like to go to?

1,317: Do you like museums? Why or why not?

1,318: Did you go out or go shopping last week?

1,319: Do you know how to say "no" to a new commitment?

GRAMMAR

Simple Past Tense

Choose the correct grammar.

1,000,000: (one million) I gone / went to work yesterday.

2,000,000: She ate / eaten spaghetti yesterday.

3,000,000: I drunk / drank coca cola on Friday.

4,000,000: He robbed / rob the lady last night.

5,000,000: I look / looked at my photos last week.

5,500,000: ( five and a half million) She saw / seen lots of elephants on the safari last year.

6,000,000: He stay / stayed in the hotel for 5 days.

6,500,000: She took / take 200 photos of the zebras.

7,000,000: I am / was tired yesterday.

7,500,000: We were / was in the bar last night.

8,000,000: The nurse taken care / took care of the baby yesterday morning.

8,500,000: I publish / published my work at the hospital 5 years ago.

9,000,000: I reported / report the results to the boss yesterday.

9,500,000: She travel / travelled to Kenya last year.

10,000,000: I wrote / write the text yesterday.

10,500,000: I input / input all the information last weekend.

11,000,000: I program / programmed the system before I go / went home last night.

11,500,000: I took / taken care of all the problems here last month.

12,000,000: I copy / copied everything that you asked me to.

12,500,000: She turned off / turn off the TV before she go / went to bed last night.

13,000,000: She is / was very hungry last night.

13,500,000: He was / is very irresponsible in his last job.

14,000,000: They are / were / was very busy at work yesterday.

14,500,000: They really needed / need the documents yesterday.

15,000,000: She ask /asked for the documents yesterday.

15,500,000: They evaluate / evaluated the health of our company last week.

Grammar.

Necessary vocabulary.

Get. (fico)

1,333: When I work a lot, I get tired.

1,334: When it’s very hot here, I get tired and irritated.

1,335: When the traffic is slow, I get angry.

1,336: When I eat too much, I get fat.

1,337: I always get fed up when the internet doesn’t work.

Photo 8: Shortlands Tavern, Southeast London.

Conversation.

Improve your ability.

1,343: Which area of your country has the best weather?

1,344: Which region has the worst weather?

1,345: Talk about the nightlife in your city.

1,346: Which are your favourite restaurants, clubs, pubs and shops in your city? Why?

1,347: Are there many jobs in your city, or is unemployment high?

1,348: Where do or would you prefer to live? Why?

1,349: Do you like drinking or eating out after work or university?

1,350: Do you like socializing with colleagues?

1,351: Is there a limit to how much you drink?

1,352: Does alcohol help you to relax?

1,353: Do you know your strengths and weaknesses?

1,354: Is it possible to give up drinking or smoking?

1,355: Is smoking acceptable in restaurants in your city?

1,356: Do you allow people to smoke in your home?

1,357: What sort of thing do you like doing when you are travelling?

1,358: What kind of thing do you like doing in the Summer?

1,359: What sort of thing do you like doing when it’s raining?

1,360: What kind of thing do you like doing on the weekend?

1,361: On Saturday night?

1,362: In your home on a very cold day?

1,363: What sort of thing do you like reading?

1,364: Which magazines do you prefer?

1,365: Which part of a newspaper do you read first?

1,366: Do you mind people smoking when you’re eating?

1,367: Do you mind people talking when you’re watching a film?

1,368: Do you mind doing English homework?

1,369: Do you mind waiting for someone who’s late?

1,370: Do you mind working long hours?

1,371: Do you mind working at night?

GRAMMAR.

I was going to…… = Eu ia…………

e.g. I was going to tell you = Eu ia te contar.

Translate and complete the following:

a: Eu ia dizer =

b: Eu ia comprar um telefone mas ....

c: Eu ia ao Shopping mas .....

d: Eu ia cozinhar ....... mas .....

e: Eu ia treinar mas .....

f: Eu ia te contar mas .....

g: Eu ia trabalhar até 18h mas .....

h: Eu ia ter reunião mas .....

True or False?

11,292: Most people in Brazil prefer to go to the beach for the 'Carnaval'.

12,293: Chile is the world's longest country from north to south.

13,294: Girls prefer dresses to jeans.

14,295: Potosi in Bolivia is the world's highest city.

15,296: Brazil is larger than the U.S.A.

16,297: The first-ever university was founded by a woman in Morocco, Africa in 895 A.D. (C.E)

17,298: Paulistas love samba.

18,299: The first coffee houses were in the Arab world.

19,300: New York is the capital of the U.S.A.

20,301: Campos do Jordão is very hot in June and July.

21,302: Asia is the most populated continent.

21,303: Lloyd's of London used to be called Lloyd's Coffee House in the 17th century.

21,304: Picasso finished his first painting at the age of 9.

21,305: Picasso's full name is 23 words long.

21,306: Santos is Brazil’s largest port.

21,307: Every country in Europe uses the Euro as its currency.

21,308: Manchester, Colchester, Winchester, and Chichester were founded by the Romans.

21,309: The Carnaval in Salvador is the world’s biggest.

21,310: The FBI spied on Albert Einstein for more than 20 years.

Photo 9: University of Cambridge.

Grammar.

Present Perfect Continuous.

I have been + .....ing.

I have been = an action or situation from the past until the present, with no interruptions.

31,311: I have............hard this month. (work)

31,312: I have............a lot recently. (study)

31,313: I have...........................in …….......... for ….years. (live)

31,314: I’ve................too much lately. (eat)

31,315: And I’ve..............too much beer as well. (drink)

Conversation.

Food.

31,316: Do you like buying food that has vitamins added to it?

31,317: Do you like the choice of bread in Brazilian supermarkets?

31,318: Healthier food can be much more expensive; is the price worth it (vale a pena)?

31,319: Do we need to find a balance between buying natural food and processed food?

Psychology

31,320: Do you have a job where you need some psychological support?

31,321: Do you worry about the way you look on video calls?

31,322: Would you spend a lot of money on cosmetic surgery to improve your appearance? Why or why not?

31,323: Do you worry about working with colleagues who haven't taken the vaccine?

31,324: Are there some things that colleagues should not do when you go back to work after the vaccinations?

31,325: Do you think that a person with a cold should work from home?

31,326: Do you think that colleagues will continue to worry about hygiene when they come back to work? Or will they relax?

Covid 19

31,327: Have you had a vaccine? Will you get a vaccine?

31,328: Do you think that colleagues will continue to dress informally (not in pyjamas)? Or will they enjoy dressing up again?

31,329: Will you be tolerant and patient with colleagues who are still worried about catching the virus?

Transport

31,330: Could free public transport help to reduce traffic and pollution in São Paulo?

31,331: Could São Paulo offer free public transport for under-18s so that their mothers and fathers don't need to take them to school by car?

31,332: Free public transport for under-18s could really help poor families in São Paulo, but is it sustainable?

Physical fitness

31,333: Do you find it easy to get into shape or easy to get out of shape?

31,334: If you stop doing exercise, how long does it take you to get fit again? How much exercise do you need to do to feel good again?

Prepositions.

31,339: I need......go now.

41,340: I have......go now.

41,341: I have decided......study at UFPB.

41,342: He is......the car.

41,343: She would like......dance tonight.

41,344: She would like......go shopping on Saturday.

41,345: He is......the bus.

41,346: I was......the train when I met Angela.

41,347: I went......the cinema last night.

41,348: I am going......the bank now.

41,349: Please, buy me a magazine......read.

51,350: I spoke......my sister yesterday.

51,351: Let’s go......the cinema?

51,352: Have you been........Manchester?

51,353: Have you eaten.........this restaurant?

51,354: What time do you normally go........work?

51,355: He has worked........the school for 5 years.

51,356: She has lived........Valletta for 2 years.

51,357: The metro line is connected.......the bus lines.

Grammar.

don't / doesn't

a: Heinz don't / doesn't like Belgian chocolate.

b: Lidia don't / doesn't like meetings all day long.

c: Juliana and her son don't / doesn't have Covid-19.

d: I doesn't / don't drink whisky.

e: Liam and Noel doesn't / don't live in Edinburgh.

f: Marcos and Aline don't / doesn't live in Portugal yet.

g: Antonio and Marcelo don't / doesn't like drinking beer on the weekend.

h: Mirella and Luana doesn't / don't study together.

i: Daniel doesn't / don't work in Vancouver yet.

j: Cicera doesn't / don't like working at weekends.

Photo 10: Tower Bridge, London.

Conversation.

51,358: Which is the most important time of the year for you? Easter, Christmas, wedding anniversary or family birthdays?

51,359: Which is your favourite time of the year?

a: Spring?

b: Summer?

c: Autumn?

d: Winter?

61,360: Why or why not?

61,361: Do you prefer to sleep at night when it is hot, warm, or cold? Why?

61,362: What was the most difficult time or moment in your life?

61,363: Have you ever had a job that was very difficult, or where your boss was mean, rude or harassed you?

61,364: Have you ever lived in a place that you felt was wrong for you? If so, what did you do to solve the problem?

61,365: Have you ever been sick for a long period of time?

a: Did the time pass slowly?

b: What did you do during this period of illness?

61,366: Have you ever broken a bone? For example, your arm or your leg?

61,367: If so, how long did it take you to recuperate? Was it a boring period in your life?

Revision of past tense.

61,368: What did you do last Friday?

61,369: What did you do last Saturday?

71,370: What did you do on your birthday?

71,371: What did you do on the last public holiday?

71,372: What did you do on Valentine's Day?

71,373: What did you do to celebrate Christmas?

71,374: When was the last time you drank with friends? (coffee, beer, or wine?)

Conversation.

71,375: Is English an important language for your career or studies?

71,376: Do you think that you will need to use English a lot in the future?

71,377: Do you think of English as a cost or as an investment?

71,378: Do you think that full immersion (intercâmbio) could be a good way for you to perfect your English fluency? Or is it too difficult to find the time to study in Europe?

71,379: Do you have kids? If so, do they study English at a school?

81,380: Do you feel confident to attend a job interview in English?

Health. Discussion.

81,381: What is good health for you?

81,382: What is a healthy breakfast?

81,383: What is healthy exercise?

a: Football?

b: Volleyball?

c: Boxing?

d: Walking?

e: Swimming?

81,384: Is it important to keep the mind healthy, too? How?

Photo 11: Afternoon Tea.

Improve your fluency.

101,439: What is the solution to obesity in your country?

101,440: Is McDonald's the reason for obesity in people?

Discussion: Loneliness.

101,444: Describe a situation in which you have felt very lonely.

101,445: What did you do to feel happier?

Discussion.

Global weather changes.

Will there be......?

101,446: Do you think there will be more droughts in the northeast of Brazil?

101,447: Do you think there will be more forest fires in Amazonia this year and next year?

101,448: Will there be more floods in São Paulo next summer, or is the situation getting better?

101,449: Do you think that there will be a climate catastrophe?

Discussion.

Will there be cures for the following illnesses or disabilities?

101,455: Alzheimer

101,456: Cancer

101,457: Obesity

101,458: High blood pressure

101,459: Fibromyalgia

Will there be.......?

101,460: A cure for colds?

101,461: A cure for future coronaviruses?

Talk about your country.

101,475: Are there differences between the politics in the south and the politics in the north of Brazil?

101,476: Is the economy in the south richer than in the north?

101,477: Which city is the capital of Brazil?

101,478: Which city is the biggest in Brazil?

101,479: Is Rio considered to be the nation’s cultural city?

101,480: Is music different depending on the region of Brazil? For example?

101,481: Which areas of Brazil suffer from drought (seca)?

101,482: São Paulo is a city comprising (composto de) many people from all over Brazil. Why did those people move to São Paulo?

101,483: Brazil has 3 different police forces; the Federal, Civil and Military police. What are the differences between their roles (papeis)?

101,486: Do indigenous Indians still live in Amazonia?

101,487: Are they important to Brazil’s culture?

101,488: Is the deforestation of the Pantanal and the Amazon still continuing?

101,489: In general, are you optimistic or pessimistic about Brazil’s future? Give reasons for your answer.

101,490: Is Brazil going to have problems with another major epidemic? Or is the country prepared now?

Discussion.

101,491: Do you feel stressed or anxious in life?

101,492: Is there a solution for your stress or anxiety?

101,493: Is your stress due to social media, technology, work, politics, Covid?

101,494: What do you do to try to control or limit your stress?

Coronavirus.

101,498: What is the next step for the government to take?

101,499: Are you worried about the economy?

101,500: How do you think the world will change after coronavirus?

Prepositions.

For or to?

We use to before the infinitive form of the verb.

e.g.

To go

To cook

To swim

To have

To be

We also use the preposition to for direction.

e.g.

I’m going to Recife.

I gave the pen to Barbara.

Please take this book to the boss.

He is coming to João Pessoa tomorrow.

We use the preposition for before a noun or a pronoun.

e.g.

This book is for you.

He did it for me.

I bought this for 20R$.

We also use for before a verb in the gerund form.

e.g.

This book is good for studying English.

This lens is for taking close-up photos.

This new restaurant is good for listening to blues music.

Test.

102,501: I’m going......the pub.

103,502: They all decided......shave their heads for the new university year.

104,503: What would you like......breakfast?

105,504: He bought it......R$10.

106,505: I bought this CD......you.

107,506: Take the coffee......your boss.

108,507: It’s an incentive......them......reorganize

109,508: He decided to run......the end of the beach.

110,509: She has plans......invest in another firm.

111,510: She will be happy......do this......you.

112,511: He gave it......her yesterday.

113,512: Everybody has......follow the rules.

114,513: He invested the money......his children’s future.

115,514: I’ve got three lenses......taking this kind of shot.

116,515: Could you get me Vogue magazine......read on the weekend?

117,516: What is there......eat tonight?

118,517: What is there......dinner tonight?

119,518: He agreed......terminate the contract.

120,519: Pinga is the best......getting drunk on the cheap.

121,520: I’d like you......do it........me.

Grammar: There is, there are, have.

Which is correct, and which is incorrect?

a: There is a bakery on my street.

b: Have a bakery on my street.

c: Have a very good shopping centre on Avenida Paulista, São Paulo.

d: There are a very good shopping centre on Avenida Paulista, São Paulo.

e: There is a very good shopping centre on Avenida Paulista, São Paulo.

f: There are two cartons of milk in my fridge.

g: Have two cartons of milk in my fridge.

h: There is a lot of traffic in my street every day.

i: Have a lot of traffic in my street every day.

j: There are many cars on my street every day.

k: There is many cars on my street every day.

l: Have many cars on my street every day.

m: In my company, there are many employees with expensive smartphones.

n: In my company, have many employees with expensive smartphones.

o: There are many discounts available in shops during a recession.

p: There is many discounts available in shops during a recession.

q: Have many discounts available in shops during a recession.

r: There isn't a Human Resources department in my company.

s: No have a Human Resources department in my company.

t: There aren't a Human Resources department in my company.

u: Don't have a shopping centre or a sports centre in my neighbourhood.

v: There isn't a shopping centre or a sports centre in my neighbourhood.

w: There aren't air conditioning units in my house.

x: There isn't air conditioning units in my house.

y: Don't have a competent leader in my department.

z: There isn't a competent leader in my department.

GRAMMAR.

Would have / should have / could have

Would have = teria

Should have = deveria ter

Could have = poderia ter

Translate the following:

a: If I’d had 50 R$ yesterday, I would have drunk some beer.

Se eu tivesse tido 50R$ ontem, ......................................

b: If I’d gone to Outback yesterday, I would have eaten ribs.

Se eu tivesse ido ao Outback ontem, ...............................

c: Had you told me earlier, I would have brought your book.

Se tivesse me contado mais cedo, ....................................

d: I would have helped you with your problem if you had asked me.

……………………………………………… se você tivesse pedido.

e: I should have paid my bills on time.

f: I should have bought a new telephone before this one broke.

g: I should have gone to the doctor before I got sicker.

h: I should have helped you. I’m sorry.

i: I could have taken the vaccine but I preferred to stay at home. Now I’ve got covid.

j: I could have invested my money better.

k: If you had invited me yesterday, I could have met you.

l: If you had told me about your problem, I could have helped you.

GRAMMAR

Simple Past Tense

Choose the correct grammar.

20,000,000: I gone / went to the bank yesterday.

22,000,000: She ate / eaten an omelete yesterday.

24,000,000: I drunk / drank a soda on Friday.

26,000,000: The politician divert / diverted public money into his own bank account.

28,000,000: The CPI waste / wasted everybody's money and time.

30,000,000: The director say / said that she was very busy.

32,000,000: He stay / stayed under house arrest for 1 year.

34,000,000: She took / take photos of her family last weekend.

36,000,000: I am / was tired yesterday.

38,000,000: We were / was in the bar last night.

40,000,000: The nurse take / took the train to go to work.

42,000,000: We finished / finishes the project late last night.

44,000,000: I reported / report the results to the boss yesterday.

46,000,000: She travel / travelled to Manchester last year.

48,000,000: I wrote / write the text for the presentation yesterday.

50,000,000: She presented / presents everything very well at the meeting yesterday.

52,000,000: I program / programmed the system before I go / went home last night.

54,000,000: I took / taken care of all the problems here last month.

56,000,000: I copy / copied everything that you asked me to.

58,000,000: She turned off / turn off the TV before she go / went to bed last night.

60,000,000: We was / were working very late last night.

62,000,000: He was / is very irresponsible in his last job.

64,000,000: They are / were / was very busy at work yesterday.

66,000,000: I need / needed your help last night.

68,000,000: She ask /asked for the documents yesterday.

70,000,000: They evaluate / evaluated the problems before they stop / stopped for lunch.

Adjectives:

Comparative exercises:

Which is correct?

a: The sky is more clear.

b: The sky is clearer.

c: My friend is more tall than me.

d: My friend is taller than me.

e: Belo Horizonte is further from São Paulo than Campinas is.

f: Belo Horizonte is more far from São Paulo than Campinas is.

g: The bank is nearer to my house than the post office.

h: The bank is more near to my house than the post office.

i: São Paulo is more big than Rio de Janeiro.

j: São Paulo is bigger than Rio de Janeiro.

k: Lasagna is more good for lunch than a snickers bar.

l: Lasagna is better for lunch than a snickers bar.

Make the comparative:

small / smaller

red

blue

short

fat

thin

cheap

good

safe

rich

poor

high

low

kind

nice

Long adjectives, three syllables or more:

Expensive / more expensive

Incredible

Beautiful

Wonderful

Independent

Respectful

Dangerous

Furious

e.g. the correct is "more expensive, more incredible, more beautiful, more wonderful, more independent, more respectful, more dangerous, more furious."

Adjectives ending with 'y'. Make the comparative.

risky / riskier

lonely

sly

shy

likely

dry

angry

happy

busy

pretty

lovely

easy

snobby

Grammar.

don't / doesn't

a: She don't / doesn't like chocolate.

b: Lidia don't / doesn't have a Ferrari.

c: Juliana and her son don't / doesn't have Covid-19.

d: I doesn't / don't drink beer.

e: Paul and John doesn't / don't live in Manchester.

f: Marcos don't / doesn't work in Porto.

g: Marcio and Eduardo don't / doesn't enjoy the weekend doing nothing.

h: Mirella and Luana doesn't / don't work together.

i: Daniel and Luana doesn't / don't live in Canada yet.

j: Felipe doesn't / don't like working out at the gym.

Word Confusion.

Was & Has

a: Anderson has a new sports car

b: Charles was happy before the awful breakfast was served.

c: Debora was unhappy before she had the delicious lunch.

d: Juliana has a Mini Cooper and an SUV.

e: Mirella was on holiday in Sweden.

f: Cicera was disappointed with Paris.

g: Lidia has a brand-new bicycle.

h: Daniel has his own business. He is self-employed.

i: Anderson was anxious about getting a new job.

j: Marcio has plans for the long term.

k: Eduardo was planning for the medium term.

l: Catherine likes to plan only for the short term.

Grammar Revision.

I was going to…… = Eu ia…………

e.g. I was going to tell you = Eu ia te contar.

Translate and complete the following:

Eu ia dizer =

a: Eu ia comprar um telefone mas ....

b: Eu ia ao Shopping mas .....

c: Eu ia cozinhar .............. mas .....

d: Eu ia treinar mas .....

e: Eu ia te contar mas .....

f: Eu ia trabalhar até 18h mas .....

g: Eu ia ter reunião mas .....

www.english4p.com

TEXT INTERPRETATION

ITAÍM.

Itaím is an upper-middle-class suburb in the south of São Paulo. Its streets are quite leafy and well-lit compared to most of São Paulo’s suburbs. It is a famous area of the city because of its chic bars and restaurants.

Itaím is a popular place for the young at night. Its bars are usually packed on Thursday, Friday, and Saturday nights.

There are not many facilities for residents in the area other than bars and restaurants. It lacks sports facilities and a train or metro station, having neither. Many buses run through Itaím, but they are the only form of public transport available. There are no parks, no public hospitals and no sports centre open to the public and, also, no university, either private or public. However, there are many banks, post offices, shops, and boutiques.

Itaím is a reasonably safe area in which to live, although it is necessary to be cautious at night because there are muggers in São Paulo in every suburb.

The residents of Itaím live in beautifully finished apartment blocks, including some with swimming pools. There are many businesses in the area, especially commercial banks, investment banks, consultancies, legal firms, accountancy firms, and marketing companies.

Overall, Itaím is a pleasant suburb in which to either live, work or simply go out at night.

CAMPO LIMPO.

Campo Limpo is an extremely poor-to-lower-middle-class suburb. The income of its residents varies from nothing to limited. Many thousands of people live in abject poverty, barely able to buy enough food to feed their families, whilst others have low salaries from their jobs in the centre of São Paulo, Pinheiros, Santo Amaro, and Morumbi. Few people actually work in the centre of Campo Limpo, which consists of one main street and roughly one hundred small shops and cafeterias.

There are very few facilities in Campo Limpo. There is a public hospital, a few football pitches in the favelas, a CEU, a few banks, a small post office, and public transport, which consists of buses and an old and dangerous train line. There is, however, a university. There is no park, there are no libraries and there are no restaurants or beautiful bars. There are no commercial office blocks, consultancies, or good schools.

At night it is best to avoid Campo Limpo because of the violence, crime, and drug dealers. It is a very dangerous suburb at night and quite dangerous during the daytime, too. Campo Limpo is not a good suburb to live in and has been forgotten by one government after another. Its problems will continue for many decades because of corruption and incompetence in São Paulo.

Vocabulary for Itaím and Campo Limpo.

Middle-class = classe media

Leafy = arborizada

Well-lit = bem Iluminada

Slightly = um pouquinho

Packed = lotado

Other than = salvo por / exceto

Available = disponível

Cautious = cauteloso

Muggers = assaltantes

Pleasant = agradável

Income = renda

Abject poverty = total pobreza

Barely able = dificilmente capaz

To feed = alimentar

Roughly = aproximadamente

Pitches = campos de futebol

Avoid = evitar

Whose = cujo

The most = o mais

Fear = temer

Slums = favelas

Major = grande

To improve = melhorar

Questions, interpretation, and discussion.

102,500: Which is the better suburb to live in? Why?

102,501: Why does Campo Limpo have a university and yet Itaím doesn’t?

102,503: Does Campo Limpo have a hospital? If so, is it private or public?

102,504: Which suburb offers the most career opportunities?

102,505: In which suburb would you fear to walk at night?

102,506: Which of the two suburbs doesn’t have any slums?

102,507: Are drugs a major problem in both suburbs?

102,508: What can be done to improve Campo Limpo?

102,509: Would you live in Campo Limpo if it had a metro station?

Congratulations! You have successfully concluded Intermediate 1B.

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